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Former Main Residence — PPR Time Apportionment

What the Client Was Facing
A professional who had lived in a property from 2010 to 2017, then let it from 2017 until selling in 2025. Sale price around £345,000. Original purchase approximately £168,000. The client believed the entire gain was exempt: “it was my home, so there’s no tax.” They were planning not to report the disposal at all.
What We Identified
Principal Private Residence (PPR) relief is time-apportioned when a property has been both a main residence and a rental property during the ownership period. The client had 15 years of ownership: 7 years of occupation, 8 years of letting. The final 9 months of ownership is treated as deemed occupation regardless of actual use. The exempt proportion was approximately 52% (7 years + 9 months out of 15 years). The remaining 48% of the gain was chargeable. Without proper advice, the client would have failed to report a gain of around £80,000 — creating exposure to penalties for non-filing on top of the tax liability.
How We Approached It
Obtained evidence of occupation dates: utility bills, council tax records, electoral register entries. Calculated the time-apportioned PPR relief with supporting documentation. Reviewed whether lettings relief applied (post-April 2020, this is restricted to periods of shared occupation with the tenant, which was not the case here). Filed the 60-day CGT report with a detailed PPR computation and supporting schedule. Explained the position to the client clearly — they were surprised but appreciated understanding the correct position before HMRC identified the disposal independently through Land Registry data.
Outcome
Chargeable gain of approximately £77,000 after reliefs. CGT of approximately £18,500 at 24%. Critically — filed correctly and voluntarily, avoiding the significantly higher penalties that apply when HMRC discovers an unreported disposal. The client understood exactly where their liability came from and why.
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STANDALONE ARTICLE VERSION:

One of the most common misunderstandings we encounter is the belief that “if I lived there, there’s no CGT.” That’s true if the property was your main residence for the entire period of ownership. But if you lived there and then let it, the relief is time-apportioned. Only the period of actual occupation (plus the final 9 months of ownership, which is treated as deemed occupation) qualifies for PPR relief. The letting period does not. In this case, the client owned the property for 15 years: 7 years as their home, 8 years as a rental. Approximately 52% of the gain was exempt. The remaining 48% — around £77,000 — was chargeable at 24%. The client had planned not to report the disposal at all. That would have been a serious mistake. HMRC receives Land Registry data on all property disposals and cross-references it against CGT reports. An unreported disposal attracts penalties on top of the tax and interest — and the penalties are significantly higher when HMRC discovers the omission rather than the taxpayer disclosing it voluntarily. We prepared the PPR computation with evidence of occupation dates, filed the 60-day report, and ensured the client’s position was fully documented. The tax was payable, but the filing was clean.

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